As cultural anthropologists, we need to study animals and, more importantly, comprehend human-animal relationships beyond our species, HUMAN. Traditional anthropology has predominantly focused on humans alone, portraying animals as passive objects in the background, examining their symbolic meanings and/or utilitarian values to humans only, and sidelining other relational practices. However, in recent years, influenced by the philosophical concept of the 'Animal turn', anthropology has been expanding its scope. This shift in perspective recognizes the significance of studying and comprehending animals as active participants in social and ecological systems, which means it calls for interdisciplinary efforts involving anthropologists, ecologists, and biologists.

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Hong Kong provides cases that highlight the evolving human-animal relationship. Working with Dr. Hannah Mumby at the University of Hong Kong, I had an eye-opening experience that left a lasting impression on me. I witnessed a remarkable phenomenon in Hong Kong—an increasing number of wild boar sightings in a city known for its dense population and towering skyscrapers. What surprised me was the fact that Hong Kong, despite its urban facade, is home to vast spreads of mountains and country parks, which comprise over 70% of its land. This unique backdrop sets the stage for an intriguing phenomenon—the blending of boundaries between humans and wild boars. Against the setting of urban chaos, these resilient creatures boldly venture into the city's urbanized areas, challenging our preconceived notions of what belongs to nature and what should belong to a modern city. Another noteworthy case can be found on Lantau Island, and I am astonished by its water buffalo population. As the largest island in Hong Kong, Lantau Island offers a stark contrast to the bustling cityscape and serves as a diverse habitat where these adaptable bovines have managed to establish a presence. Their ability to coexist with humans in such close proximity is thrilling yet poses unique challenges.

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In my unique position, studying the relationship between humans and Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys (my Ph.D. research subject), wild boars, and water buffalos in these changing landscapes are particularly valuable. The new mode of research in anthropology provides a unique lens through which we can understand the nuances and complex interactions between human societies and the natural environment. Whether it's the wild boars roaming in the city center or the water buffalos lying on the beaches of Mui Wo and wallowing in the villages of Shui Hau on Lantau Island, they are reminding us that nature cannot and will not be confined to distant and isolated corners. They teach us to adapt and embrace the intertwined relationship between humans and wildlife. By exploring the cultural practices, beliefs, and perceptions surrounding buffalos, we can gain valuable insights into the shifting dynamics of these interactions, discover the underlying factors contributing to conflicts, and seek ways to foster coexistence. Join us on this exquisite journey as we explore the fascinating world of human-buffalo relationships in Hong Kong. Stay tuned for more insights and updates as we uncover the unknown behind these exciting encounters!

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